< Previouswww.mepmiddleeast.com40 MEP Middle East | June 2024 GENERATIVE AI GRANULAR DATA ANALYSIS: THE NEXT BIG LEAP As projects become more complex and data-rich, the next big shift envisioned by Autodesk for the planning the design processes is the move from a file-based and model-based approach to granular data analysis. Consider a Revit model or an AutoCAD file which contains valuable insights and snippets of information, but the data is fragmented and not accessible to everybody. To unlock the potential of granular data, Autodesk is building the cloud-based data backbone to unify workflows across teams that design, build, and operate built environments. Autodesk Forma is a multi-year ambitious project to reimagine how the AECO industry works, by bridging software, processes, and teams and allowing data to flow continuously, so the right details get to the right people. Focused on expanding the BIM process into early planning and design, the cloud-based capabilities of Forma provide conceptual design tools, predictive analytics, and design automation, empowering planning and design teams to set solid foundations for their projects. Naji explains: “Designers should not be concerned about a specific tool or file format; what truly matters is the underlying data and insights. By creating a layer of interconnected data that spans applications and project lifecycles, we empower different stakeholders to access relevant information seamlessly. This transformation is significant and already underway. It’s about unlocking the hidden potential within existing files.” Digital twin technology, too, is gaining significant attention, especially for optimising asset operations. As a virtual counterpart of a physical asset, a digital twin mirrors the actual asset, providing transparency across design data, as-built information, and operational data, all consolidated in one place. “When implemented properly, digital twin technology enables us to revisit and optimise asset designs for the future. Leveraging digital twins enhances data management and provides insights about asset utilisation to make smarter design decisions. This approach closes the loop in the project lifecycle, from concept and design to construction, utilisation, and back to design refinement,” says Naji. ENABLING COLLABORATION It’s common to hear consultants and contractors point out the lack or insufficiency of collaboration among stakeholders. There are some contracting models where owners share the benefits of improved project outcomes with the supply chain. For instance, there can be incentives for improvement in design, shortening the project schedule and achieving cost savings. In certain contracting models, the focus shifts away from excluding or mitigating individual risks. Instead, the emphasis is on sharing risks and benefits. This collaborative approach is becoming more common. However, despite awareness and advocacy, many stakeholders including owners, consultants, and contractors continue to opt for the least costly option upfront when structuring contracts. Unfortunately, this practice remains a significant barrier to true collaboration. “I believe that the industry’s lack of collaboration is a significant issue. While I can’t generalise for all cases, a substantial portion of this problem stems from the way contracts are structured within Autodesk is building the cloud-based data backbone to unify workflows across teams that design, build and operate built environments www.mepmiddleeast.comJune 2024 | MEP Middle East 41 in the design and construction process, and therefore, contracts are structured to prioritise risk mitigation instead of achieving the optimal project outcome. That said, there are mature owners actively participating in the design and construction process and collaborating with other stakeholders. In doing so, they avoid potential liabilities that might arise from incomplete or poorly coordinated information flow through the supply chain. While technology plays a role in this transformation, it’s not the sole driver. Processes and people are equally crucial in fostering better collaboration. Although we’re not fully there yet, we’ve seen successful projects in the region that demonstrate the positive impact of these changes,” says Naji. IS AI WORTH THE INVESTMENT? Naji provides two perspectives to the measurement of return on investment (ROI) in AI. He explains: “From the industry perspective, we must build more for the growing population in the earth. With an additional 2 billion people needing housing, schools, roads, and hospitals until 2050, the construction industry is tasked with an immense challenge. To meet demand, we will need to construct a city equivalent to New York every month until that time. While financial gains remain important, they’re not the sole driving force. We’re compelled to build more because it’s necessary for our collective well-being. Even if the direct financial benefits of AI aren’t always apparent, we can agree that AI enables us to accomplish more by enhancing our capacity to deliver work more efficiently. “At the company level, AI is an immediate necessity, and its ROI is no longer a distant goal. Falling behind industry trends can have a negative impact on competitiveness. For instance, cloud adoption is no longer disruptive and has become a fundamental way of doing business. A company that hasn’t embraced cloud technologies would struggle to compete with one that has fully integrated them. “Rather than viewing AI as a standalone investment with a fixed payback period, we should view it as a gradual shift in how we operate. Companies shouldn’t rush into AI implementation just because it’s a buzzword, hyped by vendors and analysts. Instead, they should ask themselves: ‘Why do we want to change?’ Understanding the purpose and desired outcomes is crucial. “Incremental steps taken over several years can transform organisations. Therefore, companies must be pragmatic and break down the concept of AI into manageable, measurable changes, which would require the implementation of change management. Technology and processes won’t yield benefits if people don’t embrace them. I believe now is the time to embark on the AI journey, and those who miss out on the opportunity will face significant challenges in competitive markets.” the industry. For owners, the primary concern is the end product. Many owners wish to minimise their risks and prefer not to be deeply involved When implemented properly, digital twin technology enables optimisation of asset designs for the future GENERATIVE AIwww.mepmiddleeast.com42 MEP Middle East | June 2024 DATA CENTRES COOLING MANAGEMENT AND DISTRIBUTION UNIT OPTIMISES HEAT EXCHANGE EFFICIENCY IN LIQUID COOLING SYSTEMS The Stulz CyberCool CMU maximises heat exchange by isolating the facilities water system and technology cooling system elements Technical Cooling Systems (TCS) As the heat density of server racks in data centres continues to increase at a rapid pace, liquid cooling systems have gained widespread acceptance as an effective method of heat dissipation. Germany-based mission critical air conditioning specialist Stulz has launched CyberCool CMU, a new coolant management and distribution unit (CDU) designed to maximise heat exchange efficiency in liquid cooling solutions. CyberCool CMU has been developed to maximise heat exchange by isolating the facilities water system (FWS) and technology cooling system (TCS) elements of a liquid cooling system, which helps reduce the risk of cross-contamination and leaks. It also provides precise control over each side of the cooling system, enabling better management of coolant flow rates, temperatures and pressure, which improves overall system efficiency. As it is precision engineered, CyberCool CMU accurately controls the supply temperature and flow rate of the coolant with minimal power consumption. The use of premium grade water pumps, plate heat exchangers, water valves, controllers and stainless-steel pipelines ensures the quality and supply of liquid coolant. To enhance system compatibility, the CDU offers a range of structural, electrical and control options including the flexibility to accommodate customer specific configurations and power loads. In addition to a series of standard unit configurations and capacities, the CyberCool CMU product line offers a high level of customisation, adapting to specific needs in the direct liquid cooling market. CyberCool CMU is designed to seamlessly integrate with ancillary Stulz A/C products and support ASHRAE’s guidelines for water cooling specifications. The CDU’s software and hardware can be integrated with any liquid cooling solution. Joerg Desler, global director – technology at Stulz, said: “The rapid advancement of high-performance computing, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has led to a massive increase in data centre rack and server power density. Central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs) are expected to exceed 1000W per processor or higher in the next few years. These processing requirements are placing tremendous demands on data centre cooling systems and where liquid cooling was once an option, it is rapidly becoming essential. CyberCool CMU offers industry leading levels of energy efficiency, flexibility and reliability within a small footprint, while providing precise control over an entire liquid cooling system.” Facilities Water Systems (FWS) DCLC ServerCoolant Distribution Unit Re-cooler: Dry cooler, Chiller, Re-coolerwww.mepmiddleeast.comJune 2024 | MEP Middle East 43 DATA CENTRES The Cadence Reality Digital Twin Platform virtualises the entire data centre and uses AI and HPC to improve energy efficiency by up to 30% Cadence Design Systems has introduced the industry’s first comprehensive AI-driven digital twin solution to facilitate sustainable data centre design and modernisation. The Cadence Reality Digital Twin Platform virtualises the entire data centre and uses artificial intelligence, high-performance computing and physics-based simulation to significantly improve data centre energy efficiency by up to 30%. The platform will benefit data centre designers and operators navigating the complexities of modern data centre systems, particularly in addressing issues that arise from stranded capacity due to inefficient use of data centre compute and cooling resources and in handling AI-driven workloads and their environmental impact in an age of increasing electricity scarcity. Data centres in the United States used more than 4% of the country’s total electricity last year, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA), and are expected to grow exponentially in the coming decades. “As data centres face increasing pressure to prioritise sustainability and energy efficiency in the face of exponential AI growth, the Cadence Reality Digital Twin Platform will optimise every aspect of data centre design and operations, improve energy efficiency and pave the way for a more efficient, resilient and environmentally friendly future,” said Tom Beckley, senior vice president and general manager, Custom IC & PCB Group, Cadence. The Cadence Reality Digital Twin Platform uses AI for model generation and simulation to accurately predict the external physical forces that impact data centre operation, such as airflow, wind speeds, building obstructions on air intake and complications from internal and external temperature changes. Key benefits of the Cadence Reality Digital Twin Platform include: Advanced modeling capabilities: Simulates a vast range of design scenarios and operational strategies to identify the most energy-efficient solutions unique to each data centre. Environmental consideration: Integrates external environmental factors into the design process, enabling the development of resilient and sustainable data centre operations. Customised reporting: Delivers automated, detailed reports tailored to the specific requirements of each project, facilitating a deep understanding of potential energy savings and efficiency improvements. Innovative cooling strategies: Evaluates multiple cooling systems and their impact on energy consumption, offering insights into the most effective cooling solutions. Latest Cadence Solvers: Cadence Reality Digital Twin Platform is integrated with Cadence’s leading multiphysics solvers, enabling the same accurate, high-capacity, multi-domain engines to scale from chiplets to climate. The Cadence Reality platform is integrated with Nvidia Omniverse, which brings OpenUSD data interoperability and physically based rendering to the digital twin solution, enabling up to 30X faster design and simulation workflows. DIGITAL TWIN PLATFORM CAN OPTIMISE EVERY ASPECT OF DATA CENTRE DESIGN AND OPERATIONSwww.mepmiddleeast.com44 MEP Middle East | June 2024 DATA CENTRES NICKEL-ZINC BATTERIES POWER ABB’S MEGAFLEX FAMILY OF UPS SYSTEMS MegaFlex solutions integrating ZincFive’s NiZn batteries are designed for mission-critical computing environments ABB has introduced nickel-zinc (NiZn) batteries to its MegaFlex family of high-power, high-density UPS solutions for data centres and critical power applications. The batteries, supplied by ZincFive, offer a safe, resilient and sustainable energy storage alternative to conventional chemistries. ABB’s MegaFlex global UPS platform provides power availability up to 1.6 MW UL and 2.0 MW IEC. MegaFlex solutions integrating ZincFive’s NiZn batteries are designed for mission-critical computing environments such as data centres for colocation, cloud hosting, hyperscale and AI-powered data centres. ZincFive’s BC Series UPS Battery Cabinets are the first nickel-zinc battery energy storage solution with backward and forward compatibility with megawatt class UPS inverters. Last year, the company launched two new product offerings within the BC Series UPS Battery Cabinet lineup: the BC 2 – 500 and the BC 2 – 300X. ZincFive also announced a new ultra-high-rate battery, the Z5 13-90, to power the new battery cabinet models. The Z5 13-90 battery, while maintaining the same case size as its predecessor, delivers greater energy and power due to a boost in amp-hour capacity and a 50% increase in maximum current carrying capability. MegaFlex was the first product to meet the ABB EcoSolutions programme’s transparency and circularity requirements, combining an independently verified EPD with information about the product’s environmental performance across its complete life cycle. MegaFlex continues to provide a system efficiency of up to 97.4%. ABB’s early adoption of NiZn technology supports the company’s sustainability agenda, which aims to enable a low-carbon society and preserve resources for a net- zero future. The recyclability and lower carbon footprint of nickel and zinc offer significant sustainability advantages. Sébastien Surply, head of Power Protection, ABB Electrification, said: “Sustainable sourcing is a priority for data centres and for ABB. Our partnership with ZincFive and the speed with which we have deployed NiZn technology shows our dedication to rolling out essential energy systems that lower the climate impact of data centres. Innovation is a major factor in our continuing growth in this demanding segment.” Tim Hysell, CEO and co-founder, ZincFive, said: “ZincFive and ABB share a commitment to reduce carbon footprint and operating costs for customers without compromising safety or performance. ZincFive’s nickel-zinc batteries have a significantly lower climate impact than conventional alternatives. As the sustainability of data centers becomes more important, we are leading the industry in bringing the power of good chemistry to market.” DATA CENTRESwww.mepmiddleeast.comJune 2024 | MEP Middle East 45 DATA CENTRES Sonic Edge and Icetope are developing containerised modular data centres with capacities up to 450KW Sonic Edge, a provider of modular data centres (MDCs), is partnering with Iceotope, the global leader in precision liquid cooling, to launch the Iceotope AI Pods. Sonic Edge provides a range of Edge and HPC (High-Performance Computing)- ready MDCs that enable organisations to run their operations anywhere in the world. With the significant increase in the compute densities required for AI (Artificial Intelligence) applications, Sonic Edge recognised the opportunity to design and build containerised MDCs or Pods that are AI application-ready, incorporating advanced Precision Liquid Cooling technology from Iceotope. The resulting Iceotope AI Pods are multi- tenant MDCs with a capacity of up to 450kW, a 12 x 4m footprint, and can be deployed either on premises or in remote locations. They are designed to include everything in a standard data centre facility, such as UPS backup, fire suppression, and monitoring and evaluation. Stuart Priest, founder and CEO, Sonic Edge, explained: “There are many organisations, particularly startups that can’t afford to wait for colocation space to become available for their operations. They are looking to get their own high-performance, AI-ready MDCs up and running fast. We’re excited about our collaboration with Iceotope because we can now provide cloud or edge providers with multi-tenant Pods that have Iceotope’s advanced Precision Liquid Cooling built in.” David Craig, CEO, Iceotope, said: “We’re seeing an unprecedented surge in data generation and the evolving role of data centres as interactive AI powerhouses. To meet this demand - and with scalability, serviceability, and sustainability at the forefront of industry demands – our Precision Liquid Cooling is pivotal to providers such as Sonic Edge. We are delighted to be partnering with them to have our technology incorporated into fast and easy-to-deploy Pods to facilitate high-performance AI.” Rapid implementation and cost- effectiveness are major benefits of the AI Pods, according to Stuart Priest. He explains: “To build and get a data centre up and running can take five or six years, whereas with an AI Pod it takes just 16 weeks from order to delivery. Everything needed to make it operational is there from day one, and we offer ‘tier three ready’ as standard. We also ensure that the Iceotope AI Pods adhere to all relevant industry compliance standards. The highest levels of security can also be incorporated, ranging from SR1 to SR8. “Flexibility is at the heart of the Iceotope AI Pods. Our Pods are meticulously designed to adapt seamlessly to customers’ growing requirements,” added Stuart Priest. “We believe in building a solution to fit the project, rather than trying to fit the project into the solution. With Iceotope AI Pods, you can literally ‘pay as you grow.” PLUG-AND-PLAY DATA CENTRE PODS ENABLE RAPID AI DEPLOYMENTwww.mepmiddleeast.com46 MEP Middle East | June 2024 MARKETS ENERGY DEMAND OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING CREATES THE NEED FOR EFFICIENT COOLING TECHNOLOGIES The global data centre cooling solutions market is projected to grow by USD 27.95 billion from 2023 to 2027, according to Technavio The data centre cooling solutions market is witnessing a surge in demand due to the rapid growth of data-intensive applications, IoT, and digital services. With the advent of the 5G internet era, the need for efficient cooling technologies has become paramount to tackle temperature surges and reduce power consumption. IT industry players, especially medium-sized enterprises undergoing digital transformation, are seeking future-proof cooling solutions to optimise energy consumption and ensure environmental sustainability. With the rise of OTT platforms and streaming services, robust web hosting capabilities are indispensable. Web 2.0 technologies demand high computing capacity, necessitating reliable authentication protocols. In this landscape, data centre cooling equipment plays a pivotal role in maintaining optimal operational efficiency. As the demand for seamless connectivity grows, the market for data centre cooling solutions continues to thrive, meeting the ever-evolving needs of businesses worldwide. Pre-engineered cooling modules and plug- in systems offer efficient cooling capabilities, while row/rack-based cooling and precision cooling techniques address heat dissipation challenges. The market also sees a rise in AI- driven applications necessitating low-power- consuming cooling techniques and advanced cooling technologies. Data centre operators and managers are increasingly focusing on energy-efficient data centres to maximise space utilisation and minimise cooling expenses. Industry 4.0 demands reliable infrastructure components like UPS systems, PDUs, and network switches to ensure uninterrupted power distribution and networking. In this competitive landscape, collaboration with colocation service providers and outsourcing cooling solutions can drive energy and carbon savings, benefiting sectors like manufacturing, healthcare, and energy and utilities. Overall, the market is evolving to meet the growing demand for efficient data generation, storage, and processing while prioritising energy efficiency and cost- effectiveness. Despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic www.mepmiddleeast.comJune 2024 | MEP Middle East 47 MARKETS on global economies, the development of IT infrastructure continues, driving the construction of new data centres. Market research and advisory firm Technavio estimates that the global data centre cooling solutions market will grow by USD 27.95 billion from 2023 to 2027. The growth is expected to occur at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of almost 24.36% during the forecast period. A key trend fuelling the growth is the greater use of high performance computing systems. High performance computing (HPC) systems offer enhanced computing power, vital for scientific and engineering tasks. These systems, comprising clusters of processors with 16–64 nodes, excel in handling complex operations like physical simulations and weather forecasting. Measured in FLOPS, HPC outperforms standard computers, making it indispensable for various industries. Recent advancements, including cloud- based HPC, are attracting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) due to lower initial investments. The surge in big data and cloud computing fuels the demand for data centres supporting HPC. Data centres leverage cloud- based services and virtualisation for enhanced scalability and reliability. To ensure uninterrupted performance, modern data centres deploy high-density servers and efficient cooling solutions. The exponential growth in HPC usage necessitates robust data centres, driving demand for data centre power components. As businesses increasingly rely on data centres, operators must prioritise installing reliable power infrastructure to meet vendor needs and maintain seamless operations. PRE-ENGINEERED COOLING Pre-engineered cooling modules ensure optimal performance even under peak load conditions. These modules seamlessly integrate with centralised storage and networking systems, ensuring smooth data traffic flow. Advanced cooling techniques like computer room air conditioners (CRAC) are tailored to meet the demands of modern infrastructural design. CRAC units are vital for maintaining optimal conditions in data centres worldwide. By regulating airflow, humidity, and temperature, they mitigate hot spots within the facility. Employing a DX refrigeration cycle and a compressor, CRAC units efficiently cool the air before it’s circulated through the data centre racks. Similarly, computer room air handler (CRAH) units play a crucial role by utilising water- chiller systems to manage heat generated by IT equipment. While both units may appear similar, their operational principles differ significantly. Precision air conditioners have emerged as indispensable tools for data centres due to their ability to offer precise temperature and humidity control. With the increasing heat density resulting from high-performance computing infrastructure and virtualisation, the demand for precision air conditioners is expected to surge. ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS Environmental challenges like temperature fluctuations, humidity, and dust affect data centre operations globally. Operators in adverse climates must use humidity controllers to manage sudden changes. Dust can cause fan failures and connectivity issues. To address these, operators must carefully design cooling systems. Despite challenges, demand for data centre capacity is rising due to technologies like cloud computing and IoT, increasing IT costs and carbon emissions. CO2 emissions stem from server operations and non-renewable energy use. www.mepmiddleeast.com48 MEP Middle East | June 2024 MARKETS REAL-TIME DATA INTEGRATION DRIVES ADOPTION OF DIGITAL TWIN TECHNOLOGY The global digital twin market, valued at USD 9.9 billion in 2023, will surpass USD 125.1 billion by 2032, according to Global Market Insights Digital twins, virtual replicas of physical objects or processes, are increasingly being used to optimise resource utilisation, energy efficiency and sustainability across different sectors. The global digital twin market, valued at USD 9.9 billion in 2023, will surpass USD 125.1 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 33% from 2024 to 2032, according to market research and consulting firm Global Market Insights. Collaborations among industry giants are propelling growth in the digital twin market by pooling resources, expertise and technologies. For instance, in April 2024, Siemens and Microsoft announced a collaborative effort with the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), demonstrating their commitment to align the Digital Twin Definition Language (DTDL) with the ‘Thing Description’ standard established by W3C. Such partnerships foster innovation and accelerate the development of advanced digital twin solutions tailored to specific industry needs. Companies like Siemens, GE and IBM are joining forces with start-ups and research institutions, driving the digital twin market forward. These collaborations not only enhance product offerings but also improve operational efficiency, predictive maintenance, and decision-making processes. As industries recognise the benefits of digital twins, demand continues to surge, leading to a dynamic and expanding market. The overall digital twin market is classified based on the application, end-user and region. The machine and equipment health monitoring segment is expected to undergo rigorous development from 2024 to 2032. Digital twins offer real-time insights into the performance and condition of machinery, enabling predictive maintenance and minimising downtime. By creating virtual replicas of physical assets, businesses can monitor parameters such as temperature, vibration, and energy consumption. This proactive approach to maintenance ensures optimal performance, extends equipment lifespan, and reduces operational costs. As industries increasingly adopt digital twins for comprehensive health monitoring, the demand for these solutions continues to rise, driving growth in the market. The digital twin market share from the energy and utility segment will register a notable CAGR from 2024 to 2032. With complex infrastructures and the need for efficient operations, digital twins enable real-time monitoring of assets like power plants, grids, and pipelines to optimise performance and enhance reliability. By creating virtual replicas of physical systems, digital twins facilitate predictive maintenance, reducing downtime and operational costs. Additionally, they aid in energy efficiency management, allowing companies to monitor and optimise energy consumption. As the energy and utility sector increasingly adopts digital twins to address these challenges, the demand for such solutions continues to grow rapidly. The growing integration of digital twins with edge computing for real-time processing and analysis of data closer to the source to achieve faster response times and reduced latency will open new growth avenues in the industry. Additionally, smart city initiatives and infrastructure development projects are driving the adoption of digital twins for urban planning and management. As a result, the demand for digital twin technologies will continues to grow, creating substantial opportunities for market expansion and innovation. www.mepmiddleeast.comJune 2024 | MEP Middle East 49 MARKETS The global HVAC system market is projected to grow from USD 281.7 billion in 2024 to USD 389.9 billion by 2029, according to MarketsandMarkets The HVAC market growth is propelled by urbanisation, infrastructure development, air quality concerns, technological innovation and regulations. MARKET SHARE BY COOLING TYPE, APPLICATION, AND SERVICE VRF systems: Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems adjust refrigerant flow in indoor units based on specific heating or cooling needs, offering both heat pump and heat recovery models. These systems can connect multiple indoor fan coil units to a single outdoor unit, where inverter-driven compressors can vary their speed by adjusting the power supply frequency. VRF systems are commonly installed in office buildings, hotels, schools, retail stores, and data centres. Commercial applications: Commercial buildings heavily rely on HVAC systems, with HVAC loads often constituting the largest energy expense, especially in regions with extreme climates where heating costs are high. These systems can consume about 30% of the total energy in businesses, indicating the need for energy-efficient solutions. As global temperatures rise and environmental concerns grow, along with support from governments, energy-efficient HVAC systems are becoming critical in commercial applications such as healthcare, education, government, office, airports, and retail. Installation services: HVAC installation services encompass setting up heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in various building types, including residential, commercial, and industrial. These services usually involve evaluating the building’s needs, planning the system layout, sourcing equipment, and installing components like ductwork, vents, heaters, air conditioners, and thermostats. Proper installation is crucial for maximising HVAC system performance and energy efficiency. HVAC CONTROLS The HVAC controls market, valued at USD 17.2 billion in 2022, is projected grow at a CAGR of 9.2% to reach USD 26.7 billion by 2027. The major factors driving the growth of the market include the consolidation trend of smart homes, the boom in the construction sector, the emergence of IoT-enabled HVAC systems, and the need to achieve energy efficiency in buildings. Smart building technologies such as building automation are increasingly being adopted as they automate processes and reduce human intervention, improve the efficiency of HVAC systems, eliminate energy wastage, and reduce costs. HVAC control sensors are expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Temperature and humidity sensors are the most widely used sensors in an HVAC control system. The integration of wireless sensors into HVAC controls ensures the optimum utilisation of the space for setting up an entire system. Reduced installation cost, miniaturisation of sensor nodes, and better connectivity than wired sensors are the major factors driving the demand for wireless sensors. URBANISATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT BOOST DEMAND FOR HVAC SYSTEMSNext >